Vitamin B12 and Breast Cancer / Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University

Breast cancer

A case-control study compared prediagnostic levels of serum folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 in 195 women later diagnosed with breast cancer and 195 age-matched women who were not diagnosed with breast cancer.

Among women who were postmenopausal at the time of blood donation, the association between blood levels of vitamin B12 and breast cancer suggested a threshold effect.

The risk of breast cancer was more than doubled in women with serum vitamin B12 levels in the lowest quintile 1/5 compared to women in the four highest quintiles. The investigators found no relationship between breast cancer and serum levels of vitamin B6, folate, or homocysteine. A case-control study in Mexican women 475 cases and 1,391 controls reported that breast cancer risk for women in the highest quartile 1/4 of vitamin B12 intake was 68% lower than those in the lowest quartile 20. Stratification of the data revealed that the inverse association between dietary vitamin B12 intake and breast cancer risk was stronger in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women, though both associations were statistically significant.

Because these studies were observational, it cannot be determined whether decreased serum levels of vitamin B12 or low dietary vitamin B12 intakes were a cause or a result of breast cancer. Previously, there has been little evidence to suggest a relationship between vitamin B12 status and breast cancer risk. However, high dietary folate intakes have been associated with reduced risk for breast cancer in several studies, and some studies have reported that vitamin B12 intake may modify this association 21, 22.

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Vitamin B12 and Breast Cancer / Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University